Glt Affects Activity Of Transcription Regulators Of Metabolic Enzymes In Vitro And Modulates Expression Of Cyp1a2 Cyp3a4 And Cyp3a1 In Vivo
Metabolism of PhIP is mediated by the cytochrome P450 1A2 enzyme, leading to the activation or detoxification of PhIP . To determine if GLT has the potential to activate transcription of metabolic enzymes, we have utilized stable cells lines, with reporter luciferase gene constructs containing following promoter regions: XRE and AhR coding sequence , PXR coding sequence , and rPXR coding sequence , as described in Materials and Methods. The use of the cells containing PXR and rPXR allows for the comparison of induction through human and rat PXR as their response is species specific . The cells containing XRE/AhR, PXR and rPXR were treated with GLT for 24 hours, and then assayed for viability and luciferase activity. As seen in Figure 6, GLT significantly activated human XRE/AhR as well as human PXR and rat rPXR , without any effect on cell viability. GLT bound rodent PXR with a higher affinity than human PXR , however, GLT was a more potent inducer of human PXR that rodent PXR . GLT had a slightly higher affinity for Ah receptor .
GLT activates XRE/AhR, PXR and rPXR. in vitro.
Induction of XRE/AhR, PXR and rPXR was evaluated as described in Materials and Methods. Results are means ± SD , *p< 0.05 by ANOVA.
Effect of GLT on PhIP/DSS-induced expression of CYP1A2, CYP3A4 and CYP3A1 in colon tissue.
Is Turkey Tail Safe For Dogs
Many dog owners swear by turkey tail to boost their furry friends health. And there is one study to suggest they might be on to something*.
In 2012, the makers of a PSP supplement called Im-Yunity funded a double-blind randomized study that assigned dogs with a blood vessel cancer called hemangiosarcoma to receive either 25, 50 or 100 milligrams of the supplement per day*.
At the end of the study, the highest dose delayed the progression of metastasis compared to lowest dose, and there was a dose-dependent increase in survival time compared to previously recorded median survival times for dogs with this type of cancer*.
Because the study was funded by the supplement maker and there was no placebo group, its difficult to know how reliable these findings are. However, since PSP has exhibited the ability to boost immunity and interrupt the lifecycles of cancer cells in other studies, its possible these effects were at work in the dogs.
Other Motives For The Use Of Coriolus:
protects and regenerates mucous membranes, urinary tract infections, papillomavirus infections, chlamydia , viral infections , mycosis , tinnitus, oedema, UTI and sinusitis, inflammation of the intestines and stomach, strengthens the vertical axis – potentiality axis in preventive medicine, the basis for a good pregnancy , hepatoprotective effects, hepatitis, cirrhosis, joint inflammation, melanoma, nephritis, tumourous diseases under the navel, lymphoma, leukaemia, uterine cancer, breast, stomach, lung and large intestine cancer, acute sinusitis, supportive treatment for HIV, fatigue states, upper respiratory tract infection, herpes , EB virosis, mononucleosis, autoimmune problems, insect bites , acute bronchitis, all-year long allergic rhinitis
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History And Interesting Facts About Lions Mane Mushroom
Like many powerfully beneficial foods, lions mane mushroom has been known for some time in parts of Asia to be great for various body functions and conditions. Used in Japan for centuries and possibly millennia, the odd-looking fungus is revered by Buddhist monks and understood to be almost a mystical source of nutrition.
A sect of Buddhist monks known as the Yamabushi wear a garment known as the suzukake, fashioned from many long strands of fur, bears a striking resemblance to the lions mane mushroom and probably accounts for why the mushroom is known in some areas as the yamabushitake.
Some sources state that it was reserved for royalty at different times in the past.
Possible Side Effects/Caution
Lions mane mushroom is a generally safe food item. Multiple studies have found it to be non-toxic at different dosages, even over extended periods of time.
There have been isolated reports of side effects, including one of contact dermatitis and another of respiratory distress related to consuming lions mane.
If you choose to eat this mushroom and have any symptoms, such as burning/itching skin, inability to breathe properly or swollen lips, consult your doctor immediately.
Final Thoughts on Lions Mane Mushroom
This according to National Cancer Institute
May Improve Immune Function In People With Certain Cancers
Research has demonstrated that turkey tail mushrooms may have antitumor properties, thought to be related to its immune-boosting effects.
One test-tube study found that PSK, the polysaccharopeptide found in turkey tail mushrooms, inhibited the growth and spread of human colon cancer cells .
Whatâs more, a certain type of polysaccharide found in turkey tail mushrooms called Coriolus versicolor glucan may suppress certain tumors.
A study in tumor-bearing mice found that treatment with 45.5 and 90.9 mg per pound of body weight of CVG extracted from turkey tail mushrooms daily significantly reduced tumor size (
13 ).
Another study demonstrated that daily treatment with 45.5 mg per pound of body weight of turkey tail mushroom extract significantly slowed the spread of cancer cells and improved survival times in dogs with highly aggressive cancer .
However, the most impressive evidence regarding the anticancer benefits of turkey tail mushroom is when itâs used in combination with more traditional treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation (
tail mushrooms contain components such as PSK and CVG that may suppress the growth of certain types of cancers.
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How To Prepare Turkey Tail Mushrooms
Wild-foraged mushrooms need to be cleaned before using or storing.
Start by brushing the dirt off using a soft kitchen brush, toothbrush or damp paper towel. Check each mushroom for mold and cut away anything that doesnt look right, including bits of bark or wood still clinging to the conk.
Clean mushrooms may be used immediately or dried for storage. To dry:
- Place turkey tail mushrooms on dehydrator trays and dehydrate at 35 to 38 C for 24 to 36 hours. Rotate the trays approximately every eight hours to ensure even drying.
- Alternatively, set the oven at 77 to 93 C . Arrange the mushrooms on baking sheets and dry for 24 hours, leaving the oven door cracked and rotating the trays occasionally.
Dried mushrooms can also be purchased online from reputable sources. Look for wild-harvested or organic specimensor contact a local mycological society to see if any foragers in the area have some for sale!
Store dried turkey tail in an airtight container away from light and heat.
Where Should I Store The Products
You can keep the supplements at room temperature up to 25 °C, without exposure to sunlight or humidity. If you incorrectly store the supplements and find that the capsules are damaged or melted due to heat, or that the outer packaging is damaged, please do not use the product even if it is still valid.
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Health Benefits Of Lions Mane
Research on the health benefits of the lions mane mushroom indicates this fungus has the potential to promote nerve regeneration through the production of nerve growth factor proteins, and hence repair brain cells. It appears to ease the symptoms of dementia, lessen oxidative stress, as well as improve overall brain function and neuronal health.
Some of the potential beneficial effects of lions mane include:
- reduces symptoms of depression and anxiety
- reduces inflammation and nerve pains
- encourages apoptosis of cancer cells, and has the potential to fight cancer
- improves digestive health
- boosts the immune system and improves immune function
- has neuroprotective properties and reduces nerve damage in neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimers disease
Why Is Inflammation Bad
Short-term inflammation is good. Its the chronic type thats bad.Ideally, the body triggers an inflammatory response in response to a problem, neutralizes the threat, and returns to normal.Often, however, folks have ongoing inflammation, not in response to a specific threat, but as a new normal. Many people today have chronic inflammation in their body, whether in the full-blown manifestation as one of the many diagnosable autoimmune diseases, or as a more low-grade form. Poor diet, stress, toxins, or other triggers can keep the immune system releasing inflammatory cells.Ongoing inflammation can cause any of the following symptoms and issues:
- Reduced cognitive abilities
Chronic inflammation is really bad. Fortunately, lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes, can help reduce it.
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Supports The Digestive Tract
What more is turkey tail good for? According to some recent studies, it could be an amazing healer for the gut and digestive system, in addition to all else it can do.
A 2014 study showed that turkey tail was a very successful prebiotic that could reduce the chances of digestive inflammationanother stepping stone to reducing cancer risk in the gut. Prebiotics are natural foods that help replenish the gut with probiotics and beneficial microflora, which is one of the major functions of dietary fibera macronutrient turkey tail happens to contain.
As such, taking turkey tail oftenand in the right amountscould be helpful to taking care of ones gut microbiome, which has benefits for the digestive system and beyond.
Feeding probiotics with prebiotics could improve the absorption of other nutrientslike vitamin B12, vitamin D, and some mineralswhile also reducing the risk of digestive illnesses like IBS, Crohns disease, colitis, and many other well-known gut imbalances to boot.
Turkey Tail: The Healing Mushroom From The Forest
Thats right: turkey tail is an incredibly common mushroom, native to forests all around the world, including our own. All the same, its quite difficult to identify, with many woodland fungi being very close imitators of this colorful wild inhabitant, usually found growing on the logs and limbs of trees.
Obviously, the name of the mushroom has a lot to do with its appearance. It grows in a fan-like shape, showing many layers and rings of striking and contrasting colorsranging from browns and tans to blues, creams, and even reds, making it look indeed quite like the tail of a wild turkey.
According to Josh Axe, renowned health expert, turkey tail has a history as rich and colorful as its appearance, especially in Asia. turkey tail mushrooms have been brewed for thousands of years by the Chinese as medicinal teas, said Axe in his article.
Its been used as early as the 15th century during the Ming Dynasty in China, he continued. The Japanese, who reference it as kawaritake or cloud mushroomshave been well aware of benefitsin fact, the cloud-like image symbolizes longevity and health, spiritual attunement and infinity to these Asian cultures.
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May Promote Better Gut Health*
A handful of studies suggest supplementing with turkey tail mushroom could improve gut health by combatting inflammation and supporting beneficial bacteria*.
One study looked at how PSP affects the microbiome when compared to the antibiotic amoxicillin.. Twenty-four people were randomized into three groupsPSP, antibiotics and controlfor eight weeks. Stool analysis showed that PSP had prebiotic effects, which can include increasing good microbes in the gut*. The amoxicillin group, on the other hand, had an increase in pathogenic bacteria that persisted for 42 days after they stopped taking the antibiotic.
Similar results were seen when PSP was combined with a type of complex carbohydrate called fructooligosaccharides in a culture medium along with microbes commonly found in the human gut:
- Beneficial Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species increased
- Pathogenic Clostridium, Staphylococcus and Enterococcus bacteria decreased
- More short-chain fatty acids and lactate were produced, which can feed good gut bacteria and keep the gut lining healthy
Turkey tails anti-inflammatory effects may provide additional benefits in cases of inflammatory bowel disease *. Mice with ulcerative colitis given extracts from the mushroom had lower levels of inflammatory cytokines like TNF-a and IL-6*. The extracts also appeared to interfere with the production of IFN-y and IL-4 cytokines.
Lions Mane And Oxidative Stress Caused By Inflammation
Oxidative stress is a key factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Parkinsons disease and multiple sclerosis. According to a 2019 study, lions mane may exhibit antioxidant activity, as it seems to suppress oxidative damage in hippocampal neurons.This effect of Hericium erinaceus plays a massive role in its ability to protect the brain from injury and inflammation.By providing protective effects on brain cells, lions mane has the potential to improve cognition and even reverse symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders .
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Mushrooms For Digestive Health
With species of bacteria able to influence our food preferences, cravings, taste, determine the levels of inflammation, call upon our immune system, impact our mood boost positively and negatively, regulate energy metabolism, help to detoxify xenobiotics – external chemicals that disrupt our homeostasis or add to our bodies toxic load.
Taking care of and nourishing our gut is central to living our best lives.
The natural antibiotic properties of mushrooms and their ability to inhibit the growth of malevolent bacteria and yeasts make them a super beneficial additive in our daily lives.
Stacked with their immune boosting power and stress adapting properties earns them the position of a true superfood and gut loving herb.
Try organic medicinal mushrooms at Teelixir today to improve your gut health and digestive power.
Turkey Tail Mushrooms Help Immune System Fight Cancer
By Paul Stamets
A promising clinical study shows that the turkey tail mushroom improves the immune systems of breast cancer patients. The multiyear study, funded by the National Institutes of Health , tracked whether or not turkey tails could positively affect the immune system of patients rebound after they ended their radiation therapy.
Immunity as measured by the number of lymphocyte cells and natural killer cell activity usually declines dramatically after radiotherapy. Natural killer cells protect us from tumors and viruses. Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School and Bastyr University Research Institute hypothesized that breast cancer patients health can be improved after radiation treatment if NK cell counts increased quickly to attack remaining cancerous cells.
The study titled Phase I Clinical Trial of Trametes versicolor in Women with Breast Cancer, recently published in the ISRN Oncology Journal, shows that turkey tail mushrooms can augment conventional therapies for treating breast cancer by increasing NK and CD8+T cell activity. This study suggests that turkey tail mushrooms are an effective adjunct to conventional chemotherapeutic medicines and radiation therapy. The authors concluded:
What are turkey tail mushrooms?
Turkey tail mushrooms growing on a log in the old growth forest.
What are the medicinal properties and how is it used?
Turkey Tail, Trametes versicolor, is so named for its wide variety of colors.
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Turkey Tail Dosage For Dogs
While it is easy to assume that Turkey tail mushroom is only ideal for people, this is not the case. The numerous turkey tail mushroom benefits for dogs make the fungi ideal for man’s favorite pet. When used by dogs, the turkey tail mushroom boosts immunity, improves the health of the digestive tract, fights cancer, and does much more.
However, before giving your dog turkey tail, you may want to know the best turkey tail mushroom dosage for dogs. The correct turkey tail mushroom dosage for dogs often depends on animal size and purpose for use. In most cases, amounts are calculated on a milligram per kilogram of the dog’s weight basis.
A dog weighing 30 kilograms should take a maximum of 3,000 mg of turkey tail mushroom daily. A small dog weighing just 10 kilograms will need 1,000 mg of turkey tail. This indicates that the ideal turkey tail dosage for dogs is 100 mg per kilogram of body weight.
Turkey Tail: A Powerful Mushroom With Huge Benefits
All around the world, there grows an impressive array of mushrooms and fungi of all kinds. Over the centurieseven millenniaancient cultures have made some startling discoveries about these fungi when it comes to their health properties.
Reishi, for example, is known to power up immunity and promote healthy aging. Cordyceps boosts physical energy in rather incredible ways, while lions mane is especially known to boost mental energy. All of these mushrooms and fungi have fantastic claims to fame, both in the past realms of traditional healing and todays scientific research.
For those of us who live in America, however, all these mushrooms may seem exotic, distant, and fairly unavailablewhich is somewhat true. Most of these fungi are local and native to Asian countries or the far north, though reishi can be found in certain corners of North America.
But it may surprise that there does happen to be one mushroom that studies show number among the most amazing of medicinal mushrooms, and it grows right under our very noses.
Scientifically, it is called Trametes versicolor. In plain English, we call it the turkey tail mushroom.
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May Improve Cholesterol And Prevent Obesity*
In a study on mice with high cholesterol, extracts from turkey tail mushroom lowered total blood cholesterol levels, including triglycerides and LDL*. The effect may be due, at least in part, to an increase in lipoprotein lipase, an enzyme that breaks down triglycerides in the body.
Other evidence suggests a compound called protein-bound beta-glucan might help prevent weight gain by increasing levels of Akkermansia muciniphila, a bacterium that lives in the gut*. The presence of Akkermansia muciniphila is correlated with lower levels of inflammation, which could play a role in creating a healthier gut barrier and preventing proteins or pathogens from crossing into the bloodstream and triggering immune responses*. The bacterium is also associated with better insulin sensitivity, which seems to be an important factor in weight management*.
The study that examined PBGs effects showed that transplanting the microbiomes of mice treated with PBG into the guts of mice fed high-fat diets appeared to make the gut environment friendlier to Akkermansia muciniphila. PBG also had an effect on genetic responses related to metabolism, which led to better weight control*.